On this page you’ll find resources that will help you understand the differences between the fields of law and policy, with the goal of demonstrating where the South Asian community is impacted and where we can work to make important interventions. If you’re interested in law and policy advocacy, hopefully you’ll find ideas and resources here that can help you learn more and find avenues into this work.
Law, at least in the United States, creates the framework that American society builds its structure and social order on. The Law aims to be a backstop for righting wrongs and getting people what they are due when they have been wronged. In reality, though, we see that this does not always play out. Policy aims to create structural change by creating pathways of action (through elected representatives or otherwise) to mitigate or combat societal issues or inequities, many of which the field of law ends up legitimizing.
South Asians, alongside other communities of color in the United States have made legal challenges on issues of race, constitutional powers, reproductive justice, and immigration, among others. These legal challenges are really important, because they operate as switch boards for oppressive laws, or the discriminatory impact of laws, and give courts the chance to either strike them down or approve of their continued legacy.
Several Muslim South Asians have also been a part of precedent-setting cases in regards to the United States military industrial regime and due process violative tactics in Muslim nations abroad (and in Guantanamo). It’s really important to understand that, while the overall challenges may be against whiteness as an oppressive structure, many times the plaintiffs in these cases exercised a form of white adjacency to make legal arguments.
Question: How have South Asians, locally and globally, been affected by the various presidential administrations in the United States?
But! We don’t want to entirely undermine the importance of law as an agent of change!
Legal arguments made in courts across the country, both federal and state, have the potential to make waves of change throughout the country, and even globally. However, if you are pursuing law as a career, it is important to note that Asian Americans make up a severely small segment of lawyers in the United States, coming in at just about 4% of the nationwide lawyer population (2013). Thus, the need for us in the legal field is important!
Image taken from: Harvard Law School Center for the Legal Profession
Question: How can we use the power we have as lawyers and policy experts to dismantle anti-blackness on a systemic level?
For example, becoming a prosecutor, or another government lawyer, can be a popular career track for many Asian American lawyers. If we make the assumption that prosecution may have its place in criminal justice systemic reform (heavily debatable, let’s talk more about this!), Asian Americans are tasked with the responsibility of exercising their prosecutorial discretion (if such a concept even exists) fairly, especially in counties like Harris, Dallas, Hidalgo, and Bexar, with large minority defendant populations. This is a position of power, and we have to collectively strategize about how to use that power to advance justice. Many AsIan American seek to challenge prosecutorial administrations through their work as defense attorneys and usually as public defenders, such as the brilliant work of the late Jeff Adachi with the San Francisco Public Defender’s Office.
Policy demands are structural changes that can be made in many different ways. If laws are the rules of society, then policy is the way we play the game. Policy change is one tool in a change maker’s toolbox - it is an important avenue for change, but it does not stand alone. It can determine the flow of resources. It can ban, regulate, or place consequences on certain actions. But it cannot take the place of organizing, which is done by grassroots activists in their homes, schools, workplaces, etc. It also cannot take the place of culture change work (done by artists, writers, musicians, etc. It is one piece of the social change puzzle.
Ideally, we would have laws and policy that is guided by a vision for justice. The importance of South Asians, in tandem with the presence of Black, Indigenous, and people of color, in the policy field cannot be understated. For example, currently the Department of Homeland Security Some enforces some disastrous policies like Zero Tolerance and family separation, which result when the people the policy will affect are not in the room.
South Asians have a unique responsibility in policy, especially if we are helping to draft policy, and not just advocating for it.
A feminist perspective is always needed, but not always sought in law and policy work. A feminist lens is constructive, guiding, and steeped in principles of equity and encompassment. In both law and policy, feminist legal theory and lawmaking are playing a bigger part than ever before. Feminist legal theory and lawmaking is a concept that has been studied before, but in many cases, only through a white feminist perspective. Black feminism is a guiding principle of a lot of the transnational feminist work that we do at SAYHU; this is why it is important for us at SAYHU to empower participants in our summer institutes to understand feminisms, especially in regards to different fields that you will go on to pursue.
Feminist lawmaking has paved the way for several constitutional challenges that have successfully got women and nonbinary people rights, but the struggle continues. Bodily autonomy, gender affirmation, and the policing of Black women continues to be attacked in courts throughout the nation, but especially the southern United States. From this, the need for feminist lawyering is more evident than ever.
Image taken from:https://theconversation.com/indian-women-protest-new-citizenship-laws-joining-a-global-fourth-wave-feminist-movement-129602
Historically, policies have been the source of both much harm as well as great benefit to marginalized communities throughout the United States. Harmful policies like the ones separating children from their families at the US-Mexico border, or those that are changing the rules of asylum to bar people who are seeking protection for “gender-related” persecution are ones we have to fight against.
Policies that protect our communities, like those that prevent discrimination, are ones we must fight for. Advocating for the kinds of policies that create more justice, is where South Asians can be pivotal in ensuring equity in the policy field. As non-Black people, we carry a privilege that is especially poignant considering how closely legislation like the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Immigration Naturalization Act of 1965 are linked.
Overall, this webpage was designed to explicate the differences between law and policy as careers, but also illuminate how pursuing law and policy as careers as South Asians carry with them responsibilities that are never really talked about.
Opportunities to question and process where you fall in shaping future law and policy:
Okay, that’s all great, now how do we get to do the work? Consider the work you already do or don’t do. Do you question policies that allow prison labor and what companies source from it? Do you make purchases without considering the broader footstep (both environmental and labor-based)? Where are some micro-opportunities for you to be more thoughtful in the work of dismantling systems of oppression?
What can I do as a student to impact this? Consider our identities beyond being students- where can we utilize institutional privilege given to us by the academic programs we join to shape the communities we study in?
Is this really our burden? Why can’t we just work “like everyone else”? Consider the very natural individualistic feeling that comes up when studying traditionalist structures like law and the futility that people feel when challenging these structures. Why is it so necessary that we as South Asian Americans use our privilege to challenge structures?
What if I want to pursue a career in law or policy, but away from social impact? Consider that for some, social justice work is not the be all-end all of our career. What advice or steps can we give to those who want to dismantle oppression, but also face other hurdles like being sole providers or caretakers for their families? How do we work to find fruitful contributions from all people involved, regardless of their degree of involvement?
Where does my history (or my parents’ history) fit into these structures? Consider the impact that migration stories have on shaping the narrative of oppression in the United States. How can we analyze the violence behind the language of citizenship for those of us who are American-born citizens? How can we show up for migrants who are seeking exactly what our parents or who we descend from sought?
This page was researched and compiled by Noourlane Jan, with support from Eesha Pandit.